4.14作业
#4.14作业#python中的列表
#1.定义一个列表
#第一种方式
# list=["lirui","yanglu","zhanghao",1010]
# print(list)#['lirui', 'yanglu', 'zhanghao', 1010]
# print(type(list))#<class 'type'>
#第二种方法
# str="laowang"
# list1=list(str)
# print(list1)#['l', 'a', 'o', 'w', 'a', 'n', 'g']
# print(type(list1))#<class 'list'>
# 列表中常用的函数与用法
#1.索引赋值
# list1=["lirui","zhnaghao","malele",1010]
# list1="yanglu"
# print(list1)#['yanglu', 'zhnaghao', 'malele', 1010]
#2.切片赋值
#list1=["lirui","zhnaghao","malele",1010]
# list1="yanglu"
# print(list1)#['lirui', 'zhnaghao', 'y', 'a', 'n', 'g', 'l', 'u']
#append()函数
# list1=["lirui","zhnaghao","malele",1010]
# list1.append("yanglu")
# print(list1)#['lirui', 'zhnaghao', 'malele', 1010, 'yanglu']
# list1.append(1234)
# print(list1)#['lirui', 'zhnaghao', 'malele', 1010, 1234]
# list1.append(["xiaowang"])
# print(list1)#['lirui', 'zhnaghao', 'malele', 1010, ['xiaowang']]
#extend()函数
# list1=["lirui"]
# list2=["yanglu"]
# list1.extend(list2)
# print(list1)#['lirui', 'yanglu']把两个表变成一个表
# list1=["lirui"]
# # list2="1234"
# # list1.extend(list2)
# # print(list1)#['lirui', '1', '2', '3', '4']数字也是可以合并成一个表
#insert()函数根据索引位置去添加元素到列表中
# list1=["lirui","yanglu","zhanghao",10010]
# list1.insert(0,"malele")
# print(list1)#['malele', 'lirui', 'yanglu', 'zhanghao', 10010]插入数据类型为str类型
# list1.insert(1,1234)
# print(list1)#['malele', 1234, 'lirui', 'yanglu', 'zhanghao', 10010]添加int类型到列表中
# list1.insert(2,["leicheng"])
# print(list1)#['malele', 1234, ['leicheng'], 'lirui', 'yanglu', 'zhanghao', 10010]插入数据类型为列表到列表中
#index()函数查看列表元素的索引值
# list1=["lirui","yanglu","zhanghao",10010]
# index1=list1.index("lirui")
# print(index1)#0
#remove()函数移除列表中的元素，就删除
# list1=["lirui","yanglu","lirui",10010]
# list1.remove("lirui")
# print(list1)#['yanglu', 'lirui', 10010]
# list1.remove("yanglu")
# print(list1)#['lirui', 10010]
#del 是一个关键字，根据索引进行删除列表元素
# list1=["lirui","yanglu","lirui",1010]
# del list1
# print(list1)#['yanglu', 'lirui', 1010]
# del list1#可以根据切片来进行删除
# print(list1)#['yanglu']
#sort()函数可以对列表进行排序
#列表排序是根据ascii编码来排序的，排列的顺序是数字0-9，大写字母A-Z，小写字母a-z进行排列
# list1=["dawang","xiansheng","taobao","10010"]
# list1.sort()
# print(list1)#['10010', 'dawang', 'taobao', 'xiansheng']
# list1=
# list1.sort(reverse=True)
# print(list1)#
# #降序排列在sort()内加上reverse=True
#sorted()函数
# list1=["lirui","yanglu","zhanghao","10010"]
# list2 = sorted(list1,reverse=True)
# print(list2)#['zhanghao', 'yanglu', 'lirui', '10010']
#
# list3=sorted(list1,reverse=True)
# print(list3)#['zhanghao', 'yanglu', 'lirui', '10010']
#soet()与sorted()函数的区别在于sort()是排序的动作，不会产生新的列表，但是sorted（）排序一会会产生新的列表
#reverse()函数，翻转列表
#list1=
# list1.reverse()
# print(list1)#['xian01', 'lirui', 6, 3, 6, 5, 2, 3, 4, 1]
#另一种翻转列表方式
#print(list1[::-1])#['xian01', 'lirui', 6, 3, 6, 5, 2, 3, 4, 1]
#pop()函数可以删除列表中的元素
# list1=["lirui","yanglu","zhanghao","1010"]
# print(list1.pop(0))#lirui删除的值可以被打印出来
# print(type(list1.pop(0)))#<class 'str'>
# print(list1)#['zhanghao', '1010']
#python中的元祖
#元祖tuple
# tuple1=("lirui","zhanghao","yanglu",["xian01"],1010)
# print(tuple1)#('lirui', 'zhanghao', 'yanglu', ['xian01'], 1010)
# print(type(tuple1))#<class 'tuple'>数据类型为元祖
# tuple2=("xian01",)如果元祖中只有一个值得时候需要在最后加上一个逗号
# print(tuple2)#<class 'tuple'>
# print(type(tuple2))#<class 'tuple'>
#元祖能否使用索引和切片
#tuple=("lirui","xian01",1,["zhanghao",1001],1021)
# print(tuple)#xian01
# print(type(tuple))#<class 'str'>
# print(tuple)#1021
# print(type(tuple))#<class 'int'>
# print(tuple)#['zhanghao', 1001]
# print(type(tuple))#<class 'list'>
# print(tuple)#('lirui', 'xian01', 1)
# tuple= "yanglu"不能修改元祖内的值
# print(tuple)
# tuple.insert(0,"yanglu")不能修改元祖内的值
# print(tuple)
# #利用简洁的方式对元祖修改
# tuple1=("lirui","xiaozhang",1,["yanglu",10010],1032)
# list1=list(tuple1)
# list1="laozhang"
# tuple2=tuple(list1)
#print(tuple2)#('lirui', 'laozhang', 1, ['yanglu', 10010], 1032)
# tuple1=("lirui","zhnaghao",1,["yanglu",10023],1908)
# tuple1="dcs"
# print(tuple1)#('lirui', 'zhnaghao', 1, ['dcs', 10023], 1908)
#元祖的迭代需要用到for循环对元祖进行迭代取值
tuple=("lirui","xiaozhang",1,["xhaoyang",1889],1997)
# for i in tuple:
# print(i)#xiaozhang
# 1
# ['xhaoyang', 1889]
# 1997
#python中的字典
#字典（dict)表达式为dict={},大括号，花括号
#定义字典的常规方式
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":18}
# print(dict1)#{'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': 18}
# print(type(dict1))#<class 'dict'>
#定义字典用dict（）函数来定义
# test=[("name","xiaoli"),("age",18)]
# dict1=dict(test)
# print(dict1)#{'name': 'xiaoli', 'age': 18}
# print(type(dict1))#<class 'dict'>
#添加一个键对值
# dict1={"name":"xiaoli","age":18}
# #dict1["sex"]="man"
# #print(dict1)#{'name': 'xiaoli', 'age': 18, 'sex': 'man'}
#
# dict1={"name":"xiaoli","age":18}
# for i in dict1:
# print(i)#name age
#加入修饰函数key()函数，取的是键
# dict1={"name":"xiaoli","age":19}
# for i in dict1.keys():
# print(i)#name age
#加入修饰词values()
# dict1={"name":"xiaoli","age":19}
# for i in dict1.values():
# print(i)#xiaoli 19
#去除字典中的具体值，只能通过键才可以取的键的对应值
# dict1={"name":"xiaoli","age":19}
# print(dict1["name"])#xiaoli
# print(dict1["age"])# 19
#setdefault()函数给字典中添加键值对
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# dict.setdefault("sex","man")
# print(dict)#{'name': 'xiaoli', 'age': 20, 'sex': 'man'}
#删除字典中的元素 根据键来删除值
#
# del dict["name"]
# print(dict)#{'age': 20}
# del dict["age"]
# print(dict)#{'name': 'xiaoli'}
#删除整个字典
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# del dict
# print(dict)
#pop(函数)根据键来删除对应的值
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# dict.pop("name")
# # print(dict)#{'age': 20}
# dict .pop("age")
# print(dict)#{'name': 'xiaoli'}
#cleal(）清空字典中的所有值
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# dict.clear()
# print(dict)#{}
#通过for循环取字典中的键与值
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# for i in dict:
# print(i,dict)#name xiaoli age 20
#用修饰词函数items()取字典中的键与值
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# for k,v in dict.items():
# print(k,v)#name xiaoli age 20
#get
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# print(dict.get("name"))#xiaoli
# age1=dict.get("age")
# print(age1)#20
# print(dict.get("lirui"))#None
#fromkeys()函数
# dict={}.fromkeys(["name","qge"])
# print(dict)#{'name': None, 'qge': None}
# dict["name"]="xiaowang"
# print(dict)#{'name': 'xiaowang', 'qge': None}
# dict["age"]=20
# print(dict)#{'name': 'xiaowang', 'qge': None, 'age': 20}
# dict1={}.fromkeys(("name","age"),"xiaoli")
# print(dict1) #{'name': 'xiaoli', 'age': 'xiaoli'}
#__contains__()
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# print(dict1.__contains__("name"))#True
# print(dict.__contains__("name1"))#False
#
# if dict.__contains__("name")is True:
# print("成功")
# else:
# dict1.setdefault("name")
# print(dict)#成功
#popitem()函数
# dict={"name":"xiaoli","age":20}
# pop=dict.popitem()
# print(dict)#{'name': 'xiaoli'}
# print(pop)#('age', 20)
# print(type(pop))#<class 'tuple'>
#update
# dict1 = {"name": "xiaoli", "age": 20}
# dict2={"sex":"man"}
# dict1.update(dict2)
# print(dict1)#{'name': 'xiaoli', 'age': 20, 'sex': 'man'}
# #python中的集合
# name="xian01"
# set1=set(name)
# #set1.clear()
# s#et1.remove("x")
# #set1.add("zhang")
# print(set1)
# #print(type(set1))
# name="xian01a"
# set1=frozenset(name)
# set2=set1.copy()
# print(set2)#frozenset({'i', 'a', 'x', '0', 'n', '1'})
# print(set1)#frozenset({'n', 'i', '1', '0', 'a', 'x'})
# print(type(set1))#<class 'frozenset'>
#list1=
# set1=set(list1)
# list2=list(set1)
# print(list2)#
#
# # #第二种方法
# list2=[]
# for i in set(list1):
# list2.appebd(i)
#print(list2)
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