python3
# str1='duoceshi'# print(str1)
# print(str1[-9])
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-1])
# print(str1[-5])
# str1='123456789'
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-6:-2])
# print(str1)
# str1='duoceshi'
# print(str1[:5])
# print(str1[:])
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-2:-6:-1])
# print(str1)
# print(str1[:-4:-1])
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-2::-1])
# print(str1[::-1])
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-1:-7:-2])
# print(str1)
# str1='duoceshi'
# print(str1[-2:])
#
# str1='xiao zhang'
# print(str1.capitalize())
# print(str1.title())
# print(str1.count('a'))
# print('*'.join(str1))
# print(str1.split(' '))
# print(type(str1))
# str1='user_name'
# # print(str1.title())
# # print(type(str1.split(' ')))
# list1=str1.title().split('_')
# print(list1+list1)
# print(''.join(list1))
# print(list1[:])
#strip()函数
# str1='duoceshidu'
# print(str1.strip('d'))
# print(str1.strip('du'))
# print(str1.strip('ud'))
# print(str1.strip('u'))
# str1='duoceshiud'
# # lstrip
# print(str1.lstrip('d'))
# print(str1.lstrip('du'))
# # rstrip
# print(str1.rstrip('d'))
# print(str1.rstrip('du'))
#索引取值格式：str1
# str1='123456789'
# 正向索引
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# 负向索引
# print(str1[-1])
# print(str1[-5])
# print(str[-10])
# python中的切片
# str1='lijingshidahuidan'
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-6:-2])
# print(str1)
# print(str1[:5])
# print(str1)
# print(str1[:])
# str1='李敬上课在打游戏'
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-2:-6:-1])
# print(str1)
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-4:-1])
# print(str1[-2::-1])
# print(str1[::-1])
# 跳切
# str1='陈阳在呵呵呵的笑'
# print(str1)
# print(str1[-1:-7:-2])
# print(str1[:])
# print(str1[::-1])
# capitalize()函数，首字母大写
# str1='li jing'
# print(str1.capitalize())
# print(str1.title())
# print(str1.count('i'))
# print('-'.join(str1))
# print(str1.split(' '))
# print(type(str1))
# print(type(str1.split(' ')))
# list1=str1.title().split(' ')
#
# print(list1)
# print(list1+list1)
# print(' '.join(list1))
# strip()
# lstrip()
# rsteip()
# str1='chenyangch'
# print(str1.strip('c'))
# print(str1.strip('ch'))
# print(str1.rstrip('hc'))
# print(str1.rstrip('ch'))
# print(str1.lstrip('ch'))
# print(str1.lstrip('hc'))
#startswith()
# str1='xiaozhang'
# print(str1.startswith('x'))
# print(str1.endswith('ang'))
# print(str1.startswith('xiao'))
# print(str1.startswith('ix'))
# print(str1.endswith('g'))
# print(str1.endswith('gna'))
#
# file_name=input('请输入你的文件名称及后缀：')
# if file_name.endswith('.txt'):
# print('你输入的文件有效')
# else:
# print('你输入的文件无效')
# str1='xiaozhang'
# print(str1.find('c'))
# print(str1.find('i'))
# print(str1.find('a',3,8))
# print(str1.rfind('a'))
#replace()
# str1='duocesohi'
# print(str1.replace('o','x'))
# print(str1.replace('o','x',1))
#lower()
# str1='XIAOxhaNG'
# print(str1.lower())
#upper()
# str1='XIAozhanG'
# print(str1.upper())
#isdigit()判断是否全为数字
#isalpha()判断是否全为字母
#isalnum()判断是否全为数字，字母，数字与字母组合。是否有特殊字符
#istitle()判断首字母是否大写，其它的都是小写
#isupper()判断都为大写
#islower()判断都为小写
# str1='Xxiao Zzhang'
# print(str1.istitle())#True
#列表中常有的函数
# list1=['dcs','xian03',10086,['10010','xiaozhang']]
# str1='xian03'
# list1=list(str1)
# print(list1)
# 1.索引赋值
# list1='xiaoshuai'
# print(list1)
# 2.切片赋值
# list1='hello'
# print(list1)
# 3.append()#添加到末尾
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086]
# list1.append('10010')
# list1.append(10086)
# list1.append('zhongguo')
# print(list1)
# 4.instert()添加到索引位置
# list1.insert(2,'xiaohuang')
# list1.insert(2,9000)
# list1.insert(2,['中国'])
# print(list1)
# extend()#列表链接列表
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086]
# list2=['hello','xiaohei']
# list1.extend(list2)
# print(list1)
#列表与字符串
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086]
# str1=('dcs')
# list1.extend(str1)
# print(list1)
#列表与整形不能拼借
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086]
# int1=123456
# list1.extend(int1)
# print(list1)
# index()查看列表元素
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086]
# print(list1.index(10086))
#remove()移除列表元素
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086]
# list1.remove('xian')
# print(list1)
#若重复，只会移除前面的一个
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086,'xiaow']
# list1.remove('xiaow')
# print(list1)
#del 关键字
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086,'xiaow']
# del list1
# print(list1)
#pop()删除默认最后一个
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086,'xiaow']
# # print(list1.pop())
# print(list1.pop(2))
# print(list1)
#反转
# list1=['xian','xiaow',10086,'xiaow']
# print(list1[::-1])
# list1.reverse()
# print(list1)
#sort()排序
# list1=['bian','xiaow','10086','Xiaow']
# list1.sort(reverse=True)
# # list1.sort()
# print(list1)
#sorted
# list1=["1","2","5","3","4"]
# list2=sorted(list1)
# list3=sorted(list1,reverse=True)
# print(list2)
# print(list1)
# print(list3)
#元组 tuple=()
#第一中方法
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# print(tuple1)
#第二种方法
# list1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# tuple1=tuple(list1)
# print(tuple1)
#索引取值
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# print(tuple1)
# tuple1='xian03'
# tuple1.insert(0,"xian03")
# del tuple1
# print(tuple1)
# 间接修改
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# list1=list(tuple1)
# list1="xian03"
# print(list1)
# tuple2=tuple(list1)
# print(tuple2)
#二维数组可以修改列表
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# tuple1="chinases"
# print(tuple1)
#迭代for循环
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# for i in tuple1: #i自定义的变量
# print(i)
# 字典（dict） 表达式dict={}
# 定义
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":27}
# print(type(dict1))
# 第二种方法
# list1=[("name","xiaozhang"),("age","18")]
# dict1=dict(list1)
# print(dict1)
# 添加键值对
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# dict1["sex"]="man"
# print(dict1)
# 取键
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# for i in dict1.keys():
# for i in dict1:
# print(i)
# 取值
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# for i in dict1.values():
# print(i)
# 取特定的值2
# print(dict1["name"])
# print(dict1["age"])
# 添加setdefault()
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# dict1.setdefault("sex","men")
# dict1.setdefault("age","19")
# dict1.setdefault("class")
# print(dict1)
# 删除字典del
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# del dict1
# print(dict1)
# 删除键值对
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# del dict1["name"]
# print(dict1)
# 键值对取键或值
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# for i in dict1:
# print(i,dict1)
# 第二种方法
# for k,v in dict1.items():
# print(k,v)
# pop()函数删除指定的键并返回删除的值
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# print(dict1.pop("name"))
# print(dict1)
# clear()
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# dict1.clear()
# print(dict1)
# # get()***********
# dict1={'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# value=dict1.get("name")
# print(value)
# startseith()判断字符串是一什么开始的==>布尔值
# str1="xiaozhang"
# print(str1.startswith("x"))
# print(str1.startswith("xiao"))
# print(str1.startswith("ix"))
# endswith()判断字符串是以什么结尾的
# str1="xiaozhang"
# print(str1.endswith("g"))
# print(str1.endswith("gna"))
# print(str1.endswith("ang"))
#可以判断文件的格式是否以txt结尾的
# file_name=input("请输入您的文件名称及后缀：")
# if file_name.endswith(".txt"):
# print("您输入的文件有效")
# else:
# print("您输入的文件无效")
# find()/rfind()字符串查询
# str1="duoceshi"
# str1="xiaozhang"
# print(str1.find("c"))
# print(str1.find("i"))
# print(str1.find("a",3,8))
# print(str1.rfind("a"))
# replace() 替换
# str1="duoceoshi"
# print(str1.replace("o","x"))
# print(str1.replace("o","x",1))
# lower（）转换所有字符串中的大写为小写
# str1="xiaoXHANG"
# print(str1.lower())
# upper()将所有的小写转换为大写
# print(str1.upper())
# isdigit()判断字符串中是否全为数字
# str1="123456"
# print(str1.isdigit())
# isalpha()判断字符串是否全部为字母
# str1="asdgg"
# print(str1.isalpha())
# isalnum()判断字符串当中是否全部为数字，字母，或者数字字母组合
# 判断字符中是否有特殊符合
# str1="dshhls12236"
# print(str1.isalnum())
# istitle() 判断首字母是否为大写，其它的是否为小写
# str1="Xiao Zhang"
# print(str1.istitle())
# isupper()判断是否全是大写
# islower()判断是否全是小写
# str1="xiaozhang"
# print(str1.isupper())
# print(str1.islower())
# list1=[]
# 第一种
# list1=["dcs","xian03",10086,["10010","xiaozhang"]]
# print(list1)
# print(type(list1))
# 第二种
# str1="xian03"
# list1=list(str1)
# print(list1)
# print(type(list1))
# 列表中常用的函数
# 索引赋值
# list1=["dcs","xian03",10086,["10010","xiaozhang"]]
# list1="xiaoshuai"
# print(list1)
# 切片赋值
# list1=["dcs","xian03",10086,["10010","xiaozhang"]]
# list1="hello"
# print(list1)
# 列表中的函数
# append()添加元素到列表中，添加的元素在列表的最末端
# list1=["dcs","xian03",10086,["10010","xiaozhang"]]
# list1.append("10086")
# list1.append("6000")
# list1.append(["中国"])
# print(list1)
# insert()根据索引位置插入元素
# list1=["dcs","xian03",10086,["10010","xiaozhang"]]
# list1.insert(2,"xiaoshuai")
# list1.insert(2,6000)
# list1.insert(2,["china"])
# print(list1)
# extend()连接两个列表
# list1=["dcs","xian03",10086,["10010","xiaozhang"]]
# list2=["hello","18"]
# list1.extend(list2)
# print(list1)
# 列表与字符串拼接
# list1=["xiaohuang","xiaohuang"]
# str1="dcs"
# list1.extend(str1)
# print(list1)
# 列表与整形是不能拼接的
# index()查看列表元素的索引
# list1=["dcs","xian03",10086,["10010","xiaozhang"]]
# print(list1.index(10086))
# print(list1.index("dcs"))
# remove()移除列表中的元素
# list1=["xiaozhang","dcs","xian03",10010]
# list1.remove("dcs")
# print(list1)
# del 关键字删除
# list1=["xiaozhang","dcs","xian03",10010]
# del list1
# print(list1)
# pop()
# list1=["xiaozhang","dcs","xian03",10010]
# print(list1.pop())
# print(list1.pop(2))
# print(list1)
# 使用切片进行反转
# list1=["xiaozhang","dcs","xian03",10010]
# print(list1[::-1])
# list1.reverse()
# print(list1)
# 列表排序
# sort()进行排序0-9>A-Z>a-z
# list1=["xiaozhang","dcs","Xian03","10010"]
# list1.sort()
# list1.sort(reverse=True)
# print(list1)
# # sorted()
# list1=
# list2=sorted(list1)
# print(list2)
# print(list1)
# list3=sorted(list1,reverse=True)
# print(list3)
# 元组
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# print(tuple1)
# list1=["dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"]]
# tuple1=tuple(list1)
# print(tuple1)
# tuple1=("xiaohuang",)
# print(tuple1)
# print(type(tuple1))
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# print(tuple1)
# 间接修改元组
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# list1=list(tuple1)
# list1="xian03"
# tuple2=tuple(list1)
# print(tuple2)
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# tuple1="chinese"
# print(tuple1)
# 迭代
# tuple1=("dcs","xiaozhang",12,["hello","china"])
# for i in tuple1:
# print(i)
# 字典
# dict={}
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# print(dict1)
# print(type(dict1))
# list1=[["name","xiaozhang"],["age","18"]]
# dict1=dict(list1)
# print(dict1)
# print(type(dict1))
# 给字典添加一个键值对
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# dict1["sex"]="man"
# print(dict1)
# 去出字典中的键
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# for i in dict1:
# for i in dict1.keys():
# print(i)
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# for i in dict1.values():
# print(i)
# setdefault()添加键值对
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# dict1.setdefault("sex","man")
# dict1.setdefault("age","19")
# dict1.setdefault("class")
# print(dict1)
# 删除字典
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# del dict1
# print(dict1)
# 删除字典中的键值对
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# del dict1["name"]
# print(dict1)
# 同时取字典中的键与值
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# for k,v in dict1.items():
# print(k,v)
# for i in dict1:
# print(i,dict1)
# pop()删除
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# print(dict1.pop("name"))
# print(dict1)
# clear()
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# dict1.clear()
# print(dict1)
# get()
# dict1={"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# value=dict1.get("name")
# print((value))
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