20220619——晚自习练习
# 1.startswith,有顺序要求# str1 = 'xiaozhang'
# print(str1.startswith('gh'))#false
# print(str1.startswith('xi'))#true
# print(str1.startswith('ix'))#false
# 2.endswith，有顺序要求
# str1 = 'xiaozhang'
# print(str1.endswith('nag'))#false
# print(str1.endswith('ang'))#true
# 应用：
# name = input('请输入文档格式文件')
# if name.endswith('.txt'):
# print('输入文件有效')
# else:
# print('输入文件无效')
# 3.find()/rfind()查找字符下标
# str1 = 'xiaozhang'
# print(str1.find('a'))#2
# print(str1.find('a',3))#2
# print(str1.rfind('a'))#6
# 4.replace()
# str1 = 'xiaozhang'
# print(str1.replace('a','x'))#xixozhxng
# print(str1.replace('a','q',1))#xiqozhang
# 5.lower
# str1 = 'XIAOZHANG'
# print(str1.lower())#xiaozhang
# 6.upper
# str1 = 'xiaozhang'
# print(str1.upper())#XIAOZHANG
# 7.isdigit()
# str1 = '1223 3'
# print(str1.isdigit()) #false
# 8.isalpha()
# str1 = 'xiaoZHANG'
# print(str1.isalpha()) #true
# 9.isalnum()
# str1 = 'xianZHANG001 '
# print(str1.isalnum()) #false
# 10.istitle()
# str1 = 'Xiaozhang'
# print(str1.istitle()) #TRUE
# 11.isupper()
# str1 = 'XIAOZHANG'
# print(str1.isupper()) #true
# 12.islower()
# str1 = 'xiaozhang'
# print(str1.islower()) #true
#列表定义1
# list1 = ['dcs','xian03',10086,['10010','xiaozhang']]
# print(list1) #['dcs', 'xian03', 10086, ['10010', 'xiaozhang']]
# print(type(list1)) #<class 'list'>
# 列表定义2
# str1 = 'xian03'
# list1 = list(str1)
# print(list1) #['x', 'i', 'a', 'n', '0', '3']
# print(type(list1))#<class 'list'>
# 列表赋值-1.索引法
# list1 = ['dcs','xian03',10086,['10010','xiaozhang']]
# list1 = 'xiaoshuai'
# print(list1) #['dcs', 'xian03', 'xiaoshuai', ['10010', 'xiaozhang']]
# 列表赋值-2.切片法
# list1 = ['dcs','xian03',10086,['10010','xiaozhang']]
# list1 = 'xiao'
# print(list1) #['dcs', 'x', 'i', 'a', 'o', ['10010', 'xiaozhang']]
# 列表函数1.append()
# list1 = ['dcs','xian03',10086,['10010','xiaozhang']]
# list1.append('10086')
# list1.append(['10086'])
# list1.append(10086)
# print(list1) #['dcs', 'xian03', 10086, ['10010', 'xiaozhang'], '10086']
# 列表函数2.insert()
# list1 = ['dcs','xian03',10086,['10010','xiaozhang']]
# list1.insert(2,'xiaohu')
# print(list1) #['dcs', 'xian03', 'xiaohu', 10086, ['10010', 'xiaozhang']]
# 列表函数3.extent()==>表与表extend
# list1 = ['name','age','xiao']
# list2 = ['xiaozhang','12','wang']
# list1.extend(list2)
# print(list1) #['name', 'age', 'xiao', 'xiaozhang', '12', 'wang']
#==>表与字符串
# list1 = ['nam']
# str1 = 'xiao'
# list1.extend(str1)
# print(list1) #['nam', 'x', 'i', 'a', 'o']
# ×==>表×不能与整型int拼接
# 列表函数4.index()
# list1 = ['name','age','xiao']
# print(list1.index('xiao'))#2
# 列表函数5.remove(),列表若有重复，优先删除第一个，多个可以重复删除
# list1 = ['name','age','xiao']
# list1.remove('xiao')
# print(list1) #['name', 'age']
# 列表函数6.del()
# list1 = ['name','age','xiao']
# del list1
# print(list1) #['name', 'xiao']
# 列表函数7.pop()删除并打印删除值
# list1 = ['name','age','xiao']
# print(list1.pop())#xiao
# print(list1.pop(1)) #age
# print(list1) #['name']
# 列表函数7.reverse()列表反转
# list1 = ['name','age','xiao']
# print(list1[::-1])#['xiao', 'age', 'name']切片反转
# list1.reverse()
# print(list1) #['xiao', 'age', 'name']
# 列表函数8.sort() 列表排序
# list1 = ['name','Age','xiao','123']
# list1.sort()#默认reverse关闭
# print(list1) #['123', 'Age', 'name', 'xiao']
# list1.sort(reverse=True)
# print(list1) #['xiao', 'name', 'Age', '123']
# sorted()函数，排序后生成新的表
# list1 = ['name','Age','xiao','123']
# list2 = sorted(list1)
# print(list2) #['123', 'Age', 'name', 'xiao']升序
# list3 = sorted(list2,reverse=True)
# print(list3) #降序，['xiao', 'name', 'Age', '123']
# 元组定义方法1
# tuple1 = ('duoceshi','xiaozhang',12,['china','hello'])
# print(tuple1) #('duoceshi', 'xiaozhang', 12, ['china', 'hello'])
# 元组定义方法2
# list1 = ['duoceshi','xiaozhang',12,['china','hello']]
# tuple1 = tuple(list1)
# print(tuple1) #('duoceshi', 'xiaozhang', 12, ['china', 'hello'])
# tuple1 = ('xian03',) #元组个数为一时，添加”，“
# print(tuple1) #('xian03',)
# print(type(tuple1)) #<class 'tuple'>
# 元组函数1:索引取值
# tuple1 = ('duoceshi', 'xiaozhang', 12, ['china', 'hello'])
# print(tuple1) #['china', 'hello']
# 间接修改元组值,tuple1==>list==>tuple2
# tuple1 = ('duoceshi', 'xiaozhang', 12, ['china', 'hello'])
# list1 = list(tuple1)
# list1 = 'xian03'
# tuple2 = tuple(list1)
# print(tuple2) #('xian03', 'xiaozhang', 12, ['china', 'hello'])
# 可也修改元组中表的值,二维数组法
# tuple1 = ('duoceshi', 'xiaozhang', 12, ['china', 'hello'])
# tuple1 = 'chinese'
# print(tuple1) #('duoceshi', 'xiaozhang', 12, ['chinese', 'hello'])
# 迭代取元组中的值==>for循环
# tuple1 = ('duoceshi', 'xiaozhang', 12, ['china', 'hello'])
# for i in tuple1:
# print(i)
# duoceshi
# xiaozhang
# 12
# ['china', 'hello']
# python字典定义方法1
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# print(dict1) #{'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# print(type(dict1)) #<class 'dict'>
# 字典定义方法2==>表~dict
# list1 = [['name','xiaozhang'],['age','18']]
# dict1 = dict(list1)
# print(dict1)#==>{'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18'}
# 1.添加键值对到字典：
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# dict1['sex'] = 'man'
# print(dict1) #{'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18', 'sex': 'man'}
# 2.取出字典中的键==>for循环
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# for i in dict1:
# print(i) #不加修饰函数
# name
# age
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# for i in dict1.keys():
# print(i) #name age==>加修饰函数
# 3.取出字典中的值
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# for i in dict1.values():
# print(i) #xiaozhang18
# 4.取出字典特定的值
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# print(dict1['name']) #xiaozhang
# 5.添加键值对函数setdefault()
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# dict1.setdefault('sex','man')
# print(dict1) #{'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18', 'sex': 'man'}
# dict1.setdefault('phone')
# print(dict1) #==>{'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '18', 'phone': None}
# 5.删除字典
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# del dict1['name']
# print(dict1) #==>{'age': '18'}
# 8.同时取出键与值
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# for i in dict1: #不加修饰函数
# print(i,dict1) #name xiaozhang age 18
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# for k,v in dict1.items():
# print(k,v) #==>name xiaozhangage 18
# 9.pop()函数，删除并打印
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# print(dict1.pop('name')) #xiaozhang
# print(dict1) #{'age': '18'}
# 10.clear()清空字典
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# dict1.clear()
# print(dict1) #==>{}
# 11.get()函数，可通过key取值
# dict1 = {"name":"xiaozhang","age":"18"}
# value = dict1.get('name')
# print(value) #xiaozhang
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