虚拟机1.0

2022/07/31
输入find -name +文件：在当前目录下查找文件
   
输入find +路径 -name +文件：查找指定路径下的文件
输入find -name “关键词*”：能找出当前目录下有包含【关键词】的目录或文件
“*”表示匹配0个和多个字符
输入find 路径 -name “文件名.*”：查找出当前目录下【文件名】的文件或目录
   
输入find 路径 -name “*.java”：查找当前目录下后缀为【java】的文件
输入find 路径 -name “xiaoyuan.jav?”：“？”表示匹配一个字符
   
输入find -type f：查找当前目录下类型为file文件
   
输入find -type d：查找当前目录下的目录
o","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"QiL1-1659234485317","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"lKWc-1659234485316","leaves":[{"text":"","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"yOwi-1659234486572","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"f2dv-1659234486570","leaves":[{"text":"r read 读     权限为4","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"Hs98-1659234537916","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"IfuJ-1659234537914","leaves":[{"text":"w write 写       权限为2","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"8jpH-1659234552418","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"jjfM-1659234552417","leaves":[{"text":"x execute 执行   权限为1","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":&quotLTH-1659234664158","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"Nv6k-1659234664157","leaves":[{"text":"","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"GLH1-1659234665099","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"ektO-1659234665098","leaves":[{"text":"属主对xiaoyuan01.java的文件拥有一个读写权限，属组只有读的权限","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"o9vz-1659234769939","name":"paragraph","data":{"style":{"textIndent":0}},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"DXrq-1659234769937","leaves":[{"text":"*既不是属主也不是属组的其他用户只有读的权限","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"4Ckl-1659234828392","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"E3NF-1659234828391","leaves":[{"text":"输入chmod 777 +文件：让所有用户对文件具有所有权限","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}}]">文件目录权限的三剑客
1.chmod ：修改文件的权限
2.chown：修改文件或目录的属主
3.chgrp：修改文件目录的属组

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    0 Jul 30 04:41 xiaoyuan01.java
前三位rw-：代表的是属主的权限（文件拥有者）----》u
中三位r--：表示的是属组的权限------》g
后三位r--：代表的是其他用户的权限------>o

r read 读     权限为4
w write 写       权限为2
x execute 执行   权限为1

属主对xiaoyuan01.java的文件拥有一个读写权限，属组只有读的权限
*既不是属主也不是属组的其他用户只有读的权限
输入chmod 777 +文件：让所有用户对文件具有所有权限
属主        属组      其他用户
rwx         rwx        rwx
4+2+1    4+2+1   4+2+1
输入chmod 777 +目录：让所有用户对【目录】这个目录具有所有权限
输入chmod -R 777 dcs18.2：让所有用户对dcs18.2目录及目录下的所有文件和目录都具有所有文件
输入chmod g+w xiaoyuan01.java：增加属组写的权限
输入chmod g-w xiaoyuan01.java：
输入cat /etc/passwd：存在是所有用户
0 代表超级管理员
1-499 代表系统用户（不能用来登入）
500以上的是自己的用户
输入chown xiaoyuan dayuan.java：把dayuan.java这个文件的属主修改为xiaoyuan
输入chgrp xiaoyuan dayuan.java：把dayuan.java这个文件的用户组修改为xiaoyuan
输入chown root.[:]root dayuan.java：把dayuan.java文件属主和属组都改为root

输入useradd dcs18：添加一个叫dcs18用户，用户默认在自己的用户组
输入passwd dcs18：修改dcs18用户密码
输入cat /etc/group：查看所有用户组
输入groups dcs18：查看dcs18用户属于哪个用户组（属于dcs18用户组）
输入userdel -r dcs18.1：删除用户dcs18.1
输入useradd dcs20 -g dcs18：添加用户到指定用户组
输入groupadd dcs21：新建dcs21用户组里面没有用户
输入gpasswd -a dcs20 dcs21：把用户dcs20添加到dcs21用户组里面
输入gpasswd -d dcs20 dcs21：把用户dcs20从dcs21用户组里移除
输入groupdel dcs21：删除dcs21这个用户组
：对文件laoyuan.java进行打包","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"a7VH-1659254252043","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"ZwYe-1659254252042","leaves":[{"text":"打包后原文件会消失只剩下压缩包","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"WAS6-1659255773119","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"F7sc-1659255773118","leaves":[{"text":"输入gunzip dcs18.2 txt.gz：对文件包进行解压解压后，压缩包消失出现原文件","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"AmYv-1659259739890","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"svOV-1659259739889","leaves":[{"text":"","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"TegJ-1659259740251","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"DUKl-1659259740250","leaves":[{"text":"输入yum install lrzsz：在线下载安装lrzsz工具","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"2YLY-1659259831360","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"Gzxl-1659259831359","leaves":[{"text":"输入rz：把Windows系统中的文件上传到Linux中","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"iUG3-1659259959041","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"7RBc-1659259959040","leaves":[{"text":"输入sz +文件名：把Linux系统文件下载到Windows本地","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"tqiM-1659256266756","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"1uD5-1659256266754","leaves":[{"text":"","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"QARz-1659258461834","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"aw9b-1659258461833","leaves":[{"text":"scp命令","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"KC36-1659258470074","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"2yes-1659258470072","leaves":[{"text":"输入scp /dcs18/dayuan00.txt root@192.168.132.128:/：将dcs18目录下dayuan00.txt文件，放到对方服务器指定根目录下","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"Ednd-1659258826156","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"90QW-1659258826154","leaves":[{"text":"输入scp root@192.168.80.128:/dcs18/dcs18.1/xiaoyuan.java /dcs18/：在对方服务器中将dcs18/dcs18.1目录下的xiaoyuan.java文件，放到自己的服务器下的dcs18下","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}},{"type":"block","id":"bSj5-1659256266941","name":"paragraph","data":{},"nodes":[{"type":"text","id":"FFmw-1659256266939","leaves":[{"text":"","marks":[]}]}],"state":{}}]">tar命令：可以对文件和目录进行打包和解压操作
输入tar -cvf dayuan00.tar dayuan.txt：将dayuan.txt这个文件打成dayuan.tar
输入tar -xvf dayuan.tar：对dayuan.txs进行解压
输入tar -cvf dac19.tar dcs18.2：对目录进行打包
输入tar -xvf dcs19.tar：对目录包进行解压

tar.gz包（可以对文件和目录进行打包和解压操作）
输入tar -zcvf dayuan00.tar.gz dayuan00.txt：对文件进行打包
输入tar -zxvf dayuan00.tar.gz：对文件进行解压
输入tar -zcvf dcs18.1.2.tar .gz dcs18.2：对目录进行打包
输入tar -zxvf dcs18.1.2.tar.gz：对目录包进行解压

zip打包（可以 对文件和目录进行打包和解压操作）
输入zip dayuan.zip dayuan00.java：对文件dayuan00.java进行打包
输入zip -r dcs18.1.2.zip dcs18.2：对目录dcs18.2进行打包
输入unzip dayuan.zip：对文件进行解压
输入unzip dcs18.1.2.zip：对目录进行解压

gzip打包（只能打包文件，不能打包目录）
输入gzip laoyuan.java --->：对文件laoyuan.java进行打包
打包后原文件会消失只剩下压缩包
输入gunzip dcs18.2 txt.gz：对文件包进行解压解压后，压缩包消失出现原文件

输入yum install lrzsz：在线下载安装lrzsz工具
输入rz：把Windows系统中的文件上传到Linux中
输入sz +文件名：把Linux系统文件下载到Windows本地

scp命令
输入scp /dcs18/dayuan00.txt root@192.168.132.128:/：将dcs18目录下dayuan00.txt文件，放到对方服务器指定根目录下
输入scp root@192.168.80.128:/dcs18/dcs18.1/xiaoyuan.java /dcs18/：在对方服务器中将dcs18/dcs18.1目录下的xiaoyuan.java文件，放到自己的服务器下的dcs18下